手机Web端html5 地理实时定位的方法
定位用户的位置
HTML5 Geolocation API 用于获得用户的地理位置。
鉴于该特性可能侵犯用户的隐私，除非用户同意，否则用户位置信息是不可用的。
浏览器支持
Internet Explorer 9、Firefox、Chrome、Safari 以及 Opera 支持地理定位。
注释：对于拥有 GPS 的设备，比如 iPhone，地理定位更加精确。
HTML5 - 使用地理定位
请使用 getCurrentPosition() 方法来获得用户的位置。
下例是一个简单的地理定位实例，可返回用户位置的经度和纬度。
实例
<script>
var x=document.getElementById("demo");
function getLocation()
{
if (navigator.geolocation)
{
navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(showPosition);
}
else{x.innerHTML="Geolocation is not supported by this browser.";}
}
function showPosition(position)
{
x.innerHTML="Latitude: " + position.coords.latitude +
"<br />Longitude: " + position.coords.longitude;
}
</script>
例子解释：
检测是否支持地理定位
如果支持，则运行 getCurrentPosition() 方法。如果不支持，则向用户显示一段消息。
如果getCurrentPosition()运行成功，则向参数showPosition中规定的函数返回一个coordinates对象
showPosition() 函数获得并显示经度和纬度
上面的例子是一个非常基础的地理定位脚本，不含错误处理。
处理错误和拒绝
getCurrentPosition() 方法的第二个参数用于处理错误。它规定当获取用户位置失败时运行的函数：
实例
function showError(error)
{
switch(error.code)
{
case error.PERMISSION_DENIED:
x.innerHTML="User denied the request for Geolocation."
break;
case error.POSITION_UNAVAILABLE:
x.innerHTML="Location information is unavailable."
break;
case error.TIMEOUT:
x.innerHTML="The request to get user location timed out."
break;
case error.UNKNOWN_ERROR:
x.innerHTML="An unknown error occurred."
break;
}
}
错误代码：
Permission denied - 用户不允许地理定位
Position unavailable - 无法获取当前位置
Timeout - 操作超时
微信公众号实时获取快递员的位置，有没有什么好的方案或接口:
Html5本身就可以获取到地理位置(WGS-84)
但是前提是快递员一直打开那个网页不黑屏，黑屏之后网页中的脚本会被暂停（所以GPS也会被停止）。
公众号只会在进入主界面时，会去读取坐标并上传到后台。进到Web页面之后，权限会缩小的和HTML一样。
公众号的JS API不会持续的获取坐标，除非setInterval不停去取，黑屏之后一样会停止JS。
如果需要实时上传快递员的坐标到服务器，只有APP这条路。
Web端获取地理位置方法：navigator.geolocation 有三个函数：
GPS坐标互转：WGS-84(GPS)、GCJ-02(Google地图)、BD-09(百度地图)：void getCurrentPosition(onSuccess,onError,options);
//获取用户当前位置
int watchCurrentPosition(onSuccess,onError,options);
//持续获取当前用户位置
void clearWatch(watchId);
//watchId 为watchCurrentPosition返回的值
//取消监控
function getLocation(){
var options={
enableHighAccuracy:true,
maximumAge:1000
}
if(navigator.geolocation){
//浏览器支持geolocation
navigator.geolocation.watchCurrentPosition(onSuccess,onError,options);
}else{
//浏览器不支持geolocation
}
}
//成功时
function onSuccess(position){
//返回用户位置
//经度
var longitude =position.coords.longitude;
//纬度
var latitude = position.coords.latitude;
}
//失败时
function onError(error){
switch(error.code){
case 1:
alert("位置服务被拒绝");
break;
case 2:
alert("暂时获取不到位置信息");
break;
case 3:
alert("获取信息超时");
break;
case 4:
alert("未知错误");
break;
}
}
//开始获得
getLocation();
WGS-84：是国际标准，GPS坐标（Google Earth使用、或者GPS模块）
GCJ-02：中国坐标偏移标准，Google Map、高德、腾讯使用
BD-09：百度坐标偏移标准，Baidu Map使用
//WGS-84 to GCJ-02
GPS.gcj_encrypt();
//GCJ-02 to WGS-84 粗略
GPS.gcj_decrypt();
//GCJ-02 to WGS-84 精确(二分极限法)
// var threshold = 0.000000001; 目前设置的是精确到小数点后9位，这个值越小，越精确，但是javascript中，浮点运算本身就不太精确，九位在GPS里也偏差不大了
GSP.gcj_decrypt_exact();
//GCJ-02 to BD-09
GPS.bd_encrypt();
//BD-09 to GCJ-02
GPS.bd_decrypt();
//求距离
GPS.distance();
示例：
document.write("GPS: 39.933676862706776,116.35608315379092<br />");
var arr2 = GPS.gcj_encrypt(39.933676862706776, 116.35608315379092);
document.write("中国:" + arr2['lat']+","+arr2['lon']+'<br />');
var arr3 = GPS.gcj_decrypt_exact(arr2['lat'], arr2['lon']);
document.write('逆算:' + arr3['lat']+","+arr3['lon']+' 需要和第一行相似（目前是小数点后9位相等）');
本算法 gcj算法、bd算法都非常精确，已经测试通过。
（BD转换的结果和百度提供的接口精确到小数点后4位）
请放心使用
Javascript代码：
var GPS = {
PI : 3.14159265358979324,
x_pi : 3.14159265358979324 * 3000.0 / 180.0,
delta : function (lat, lon) {
// Krasovsky 1940
//
// a = 6378245.0, 1/f = 298.3
// b = a * (1 - f)
// ee = (a^2 - b^2) / a^2;
var a = 6378245.0; // a: 卫星椭球坐标投影到平面地图坐标系的投影因子。
var ee = 0.00669342162296594323; // ee: 椭球的偏心率。
var dLat = this.transformLat(lon - 105.0, lat - 35.0);
var dLon = this.transformLon(lon - 105.0, lat - 35.0);
var radLat = lat / 180.0 * this.PI;
var magic = Math.sin(radLat);
magic = 1 - ee * magic * magic;
var sqrtMagic = Math.sqrt(magic);
dLat = (dLat * 180.0) / ((a * (1 - ee)) / (magic * sqrtMagic) * this.PI);
dLon = (dLon * 180.0) / (a / sqrtMagic * Math.cos(radLat) * this.PI);
return {'lat': dLat, 'lon': dLon};
},
//WGS-84 to GCJ-02
gcj_encrypt : function (wgsLat, wgsLon) {
if (this.outOfChina(wgsLat, wgsLon))
return {'lat': wgsLat, 'lon': wgsLon};
var d = this.delta(wgsLat, wgsLon);
return {'lat' : wgsLat + d.lat,'lon' : wgsLon + d.lon};
},
//GCJ-02 to WGS-84
gcj_decrypt : function (gcjLat, gcjLon) {
if (this.outOfChina(gcjLat, gcjLon))
return {'lat': gcjLat, 'lon': gcjLon};
var d = this.delta(gcjLat, gcjLon);
return {'lat': gcjLat - d.lat, 'lon': gcjLon - d.lon};
},
//GCJ-02 to WGS-84 exactly
gcj_decrypt_exact : function (gcjLat, gcjLon) {
var initDelta = 0.01;
var threshold = 0.000000001;
var dLat = initDelta, dLon = initDelta;
var mLat = gcjLat - dLat, mLon = gcjLon - dLon;
var pLat = gcjLat + dLat, pLon = gcjLon + dLon;
var wgsLat, wgsLon, i = 0;
while (1) {
wgsLat = (mLat + pLat) / 2;
wgsLon = (mLon + pLon) / 2;
var tmp = this.gcj_encrypt(wgsLat, wgsLon)
dLat = tmp.lat - gcjLat;
dLon = tmp.lon - gcjLon;
if ((Math.abs(dLat) < threshold) && (Math.abs(dLon) < threshold))
break;
if (dLat > 0) pLat = wgsLat; else mLat = wgsLat;
if (dLon > 0) pLon = wgsLon; else mLon = wgsLon;
if (++i > 10000) break;
}
//console.log(i);
return {'lat': wgsLat, 'lon': wgsLon};
},
//GCJ-02 to BD-09
bd_encrypt : function (gcjLat, gcjLon) {
var x = gcjLon, y = gcjLat;
var z = Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y) + 0.00002 * Math.sin(y * this.x_pi);
var theta = Math.atan2(y, x) + 0.000003 * Math.cos(x * this.x_pi);
bdLon = z * Math.cos(theta) + 0.0065;
bdLat = z * Math.sin(theta) + 0.006;
return {'lat' : bdLat,'lon' : bdLon};
},
//BD-09 to GCJ-02
bd_decrypt : function (bdLat, bdLon) {
var x = bdLon - 0.0065, y = bdLat - 0.006;
var z = Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y) - 0.00002 * Math.sin(y * this.x_pi);
var theta = Math.atan2(y, x) - 0.000003 * Math.cos(x * this.x_pi);
var gcjLon = z * Math.cos(theta);
var gcjLat = z * Math.sin(theta);
return {'lat' : gcjLat, 'lon' : gcjLon};
},
//WGS-84 to Web mercator
//mercatorLat -> y mercatorLon -> x
mercator_encrypt : function(wgsLat, wgsLon) {
var x = wgsLon * 20037508.34 / 180.;
var y = Math.log(Math.tan((90. + wgsLat) * this.PI / 360.)) / (this.PI / 180.);
y = y * 20037508.34 / 180.;
return {'lat' : y, 'lon' : x};
/*
if ((Math.abs(wgsLon) > 180 || Math.abs(wgsLat) > 90))
return null;
var x = 6378137.0 * wgsLon * 0.017453292519943295;
var a = wgsLat * 0.017453292519943295;
var y = 3189068.5 * Math.log((1.0 + Math.sin(a)) / (1.0 - Math.sin(a)));
return {'lat' : y, 'lon' : x};
//*/
},
// Web mercator to WGS-84
// mercatorLat -> y mercatorLon -> x
mercator_decrypt : function(mercatorLat, mercatorLon) {
var x = mercatorLon / 20037508.34 * 180.;
var y = mercatorLat / 20037508.34 * 180.;
y = 180 / this.PI * (2 * Math.atan(Math.exp(y * this.PI / 180.)) - this.PI / 2);
return {'lat' : y, 'lon' : x};
/*
if (Math.abs(mercatorLon) < 180 && Math.abs(mercatorLat) < 90)
return null;
if ((Math.abs(mercatorLon) > 20037508.3427892) || (Math.abs(mercatorLat) > 20037508.3427892))
return null;
var a = mercatorLon / 6378137.0 * 57.295779513082323;
var x = a - (Math.floor(((a + 180.0) / 360.0)) * 360.0);
var y = (1.5707963267948966 - (2.0 * Math.atan(Math.exp((-1.0 * mercatorLat) / 6378137.0)))) * 57.295779513082323;
return {'lat' : y, 'lon' : x};
//*/
},
// two point's distance
distance : function (latA, lonA, latB, lonB) {
var earthR = 6371000.;
var x = Math.cos(latA * this.PI / 180.) * Math.cos(latB * this.PI / 180.) * Math.cos((lonA - lonB) * this.PI / 180);
var y = Math.sin(latA * this.PI / 180.) * Math.sin(latB * this.PI / 180.);
var s = x + y;
if (s > 1) s = 1;
if (s < -1) s = -1;
var alpha = Math.acos(s);
var distance = alpha * earthR;
return distance;
},
outOfChina : function (lat, lon) {
if (lon < 72.004 || lon > 137.8347)
return true;
if (lat < 0.8293 || lat > 55.8271)
return true;
return false;
},
transformLat : function (x, y) {
var ret = -100.0 + 2.0 * x + 3.0 * y + 0.2 * y * y + 0.1 * x * y + 0.2 * Math.sqrt(Math.abs(x));
ret += (20.0 * Math.sin(6.0 * x * this.PI) + 20.0 * Math.sin(2.0 * x * this.PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
ret += (20.0 * Math.sin(y * this.PI) + 40.0 * Math.sin(y / 3.0 * this.PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
ret += (160.0 * Math.sin(y / 12.0 * this.PI) + 320 * Math.sin(y * this.PI / 30.0)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
return ret;
},
transformLon : function (x, y) {
var ret = 300.0 + x + 2.0 * y + 0.1 * x * x + 0.1 * x * y + 0.1 * Math.sqrt(Math.abs(x));
ret += (20.0 * Math.sin(6.0 * x * this.PI) + 20.0 * Math.sin(2.0 * x * this.PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
ret += (20.0 * Math.sin(x * this.PI) + 40.0 * Math.sin(x / 3.0 * this.PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
ret += (150.0 * Math.sin(x / 12.0 * this.PI) + 300.0 * Math.sin(x / 30.0 * this.PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
return ret;
}
};
PHP代码：
<?php
class GPS {
private $PI = 3.14159265358979324;
private $x_pi = 0;
public function __construct()
{
$this->x_pi = 3.14159265358979324 * 3000.0 / 180.0;
}
//WGS-84 to GCJ-02
public function gcj_encrypt($wgsLat, $wgsLon) {
if ($this->outOfChina($wgsLat, $wgsLon))
return array('lat' => $wgsLat, 'lon' => $wgsLon);
$d = $this->delta($wgsLat, $wgsLon);
return array('lat' => $wgsLat + $d['lat'],'lon' => $wgsLon + $d['lon']);
}
//GCJ-02 to WGS-84
public function gcj_decrypt($gcjLat, $gcjLon) {
if ($this->outOfChina($gcjLat, $gcjLon))
return array('lat' => $gcjLat, 'lon' => $gcjLon);
$d = $this->delta($gcjLat, $gcjLon);
return array('lat' => $gcjLat - $d['lat'], 'lon' => $gcjLon - $d['lon']);
}
//GCJ-02 to WGS-84 exactly
public function gcj_decrypt_exact($gcjLat, $gcjLon) {
$initDelta = 0.01;
$threshold = 0.000000001;
$dLat = $initDelta; $dLon = $initDelta;
$mLat = $gcjLat - $dLat; $mLon = $gcjLon - $dLon;
$pLat = $gcjLat + $dLat; $pLon = $gcjLon + $dLon;
$wgsLat = 0; $wgsLon = 0; $i = 0;
while (TRUE) {
$wgsLat = ($mLat + $pLat) / 2;
$wgsLon = ($mLon + $pLon) / 2;
$tmp = $this->gcj_encrypt($wgsLat, $wgsLon);
$dLat = $tmp['lat'] - $gcjLat;
$dLon = $tmp['lon'] - $gcjLon;
if ((abs($dLat) < $threshold) && (abs($dLon) < $threshold))
break;
if ($dLat > 0) $pLat = $wgsLat; else $mLat = $wgsLat;
if ($dLon > 0) $pLon = $wgsLon; else $mLon = $wgsLon;
if (++$i > 10000) break;
}
//console.log(i);
return array('lat' => $wgsLat, 'lon'=> $wgsLon);
}
//GCJ-02 to BD-09
public function bd_encrypt($gcjLat, $gcjLon) {
$x = $gcjLon; $y = $gcjLat;
$z = sqrt($x * $x + $y * $y) + 0.00002 * sin($y * $this->x_pi);
$theta = atan2($y, $x) + 0.000003 * cos($x * $this->x_pi);
$bdLon = $z * cos($theta) + 0.0065;
$bdLat = $z * sin($theta) + 0.006;
return array('lat' => $bdLat,'lon' => $bdLon);
}
//BD-09 to GCJ-02
public function bd_decrypt($bdLat, $bdLon)
{
$x = $bdLon - 0.0065; $y = $bdLat - 0.006;
$z = sqrt($x * $x + $y * $y) - 0.00002 * sin($y * $this->x_pi);
$theta = atan2($y, $x) - 0.000003 * cos($x * $this->x_pi);
$gcjLon = $z * cos($theta);
$gcjLat = $z * sin($theta);
return array('lat' => $gcjLat, 'lon' => $gcjLon);
}
//WGS-84 to Web mercator
//$mercatorLat -> y $mercatorLon -> x
public function mercator_encrypt($wgsLat, $wgsLon)
{
$x = $wgsLon * 20037508.34 / 180.;
$y = log(tan((90. + $wgsLat) * $this->PI / 360.)) / ($this->PI / 180.);
$y = $y * 20037508.34 / 180.;
return array('lat' => $y, 'lon' => $x);
/*
if ((abs($wgsLon) > 180 || abs($wgsLat) > 90))
return NULL;
$x = 6378137.0 * $wgsLon * 0.017453292519943295;
$a = $wgsLat * 0.017453292519943295;
$y = 3189068.5 * log((1.0 + sin($a)) / (1.0 - sin($a)));
return array('lat' => $y, 'lon' => $x);
//*/
}
// Web mercator to WGS-84
// $mercatorLat -> y $mercatorLon -> x
public function mercator_decrypt($mercatorLat, $mercatorLon)
{
$x = $mercatorLon / 20037508.34 * 180.;
$y = $mercatorLat / 20037508.34 * 180.;
$y = 180 / $this->PI * (2 * atan(exp($y * $this->PI / 180.)) - $this->PI / 2);
return array('lat' => $y, 'lon' => $x);
/*
if (abs($mercatorLon) < 180 && abs($mercatorLat) < 90)
return NULL;
if ((abs($mercatorLon) > 20037508.3427892) || (abs($mercatorLat) > 20037508.3427892))
return NULL;
$a = $mercatorLon / 6378137.0 * 57.295779513082323;
$x = $a - (floor((($a + 180.0) / 360.0)) * 360.0);
$y = (1.5707963267948966 - (2.0 * atan(exp((-1.0 * $mercatorLat) / 6378137.0)))) * 57.295779513082323;
return array('lat' => $y, 'lon' => $x);
//*/
}
// two point's distance
public function distance($latA, $lonA, $latB, $lonB)
{
$earthR = 6371000.;
$x = cos($latA * $this->PI / 180.) * cos($latB * $this->PI / 180.) * cos(($lonA - $lonB) * $this->PI / 180);
$y = sin($latA * $this->PI / 180.) * sin($latB * $this->PI / 180.);
$s = $x + $y;
if ($s > 1) $s = 1;
if ($s < -1) $s = -1;
$alpha = acos($s);
$distance = $alpha * $earthR;
return $distance;
}
private function delta($lat, $lon)
{
// Krasovsky 1940
//
// a = 6378245.0, 1/f = 298.3
// b = a * (1 - f)
// ee = (a^2 - b^2) / a^2;
$a = 6378245.0;// a: 卫星椭球坐标投影到平面地图坐标系的投影因子。
$ee = 0.00669342162296594323;// ee: 椭球的偏心率。
$dLat = $this->transformLat($lon - 105.0, $lat - 35.0);
$dLon = $this->transformLon($lon - 105.0, $lat - 35.0);
$radLat = $lat / 180.0 * $this->PI;
$magic = sin($radLat);
$magic = 1 - $ee * $magic * $magic;
$sqrtMagic = sqrt($magic);
$dLat = ($dLat * 180.0) / (($a * (1 - $ee)) / ($magic * $sqrtMagic) * $this->PI);
$dLon = ($dLon * 180.0) / ($a / $sqrtMagic * cos($radLat) * $this->PI);
return array('lat' => $dLat, 'lon' => $dLon);
}
private function outOfChina($lat, $lon)
{
if ($lon < 72.004 || $lon > 137.8347)
return TRUE;
if ($lat < 0.8293 || $lat > 55.8271)
return TRUE;
return FALSE;
}
private function transformLat($x, $y) {
$ret = -100.0 + 2.0 * $x + 3.0 * $y + 0.2 * $y * $y + 0.1 * $x * $y + 0.2 * sqrt(abs($x));
$ret += (20.0 * sin(6.0 * $x * $this->PI) + 20.0 * sin(2.0 * $x * $this->PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
$ret += (20.0 * sin($y * $this->PI) + 40.0 * sin($y / 3.0 * $this->PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
$ret += (160.0 * sin($y / 12.0 * $this->PI) + 320 * sin($y * $this->PI / 30.0)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
return $ret;
}
private function transformLon($x, $y) {
$ret = 300.0 + $x + 2.0 * $y + 0.1 * $x * $x + 0.1 * $x * $y + 0.1 * sqrt(abs($x));
$ret += (20.0 * sin(6.0 * $x * $this->PI) + 20.0 * sin(2.0 * $x * $this->PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
$ret += (20.0 * sin($x * $this->PI) + 40.0 * sin($x / 3.0 * $this->PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
$ret += (150.0 * sin($x / 12.0 * $this->PI) + 300.0 * sin($x / 30.0 * $this->PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
return $ret;
}
}
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